Credit 1: Genomics
Credit 2: Genertically modified plants and animals
Credit 3: Mobile DNA elements
Credit 4: Proteomics
IA Attempt any two of the following :
[10]
a) Describe the three hybrid assay technique in yeast genetics.
b) Comment on - DMS foot printing as tool in molecular biology.
c) State the significance of RFLP and its association with disease prediction.
PA Attempt any two of the following :
a) Explain the mechanism of negative control of lac operon.
b) Comment on : repression loop in the fine control of ara operon.
c) Justify - Attenuation is required in regulation of trp operon.
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[10]
QA Attempt any two of the following :
[10]
a) Diagrammatically illustrate formation of mature mRNA from its pre-
mRNA transcript.
b) What is RNA interference in r RNA processing?
c) Comment on : Si RNA.
RA Attempt any two of the following :
[10]
a) Give a protocol for preparation of a DNA probe.
b) Explain the singificance of sigma factor switching in phage infection.
c) Comment on : Gene silencing and its significance.
SA Diagrammatically illustrate any two of the following :
a) Mu transposition.
b) Retroposon and its transposition.
c) Replicative transposition.
TA Attempt any two of the following :
[10]
a) Explain any one method used to determine molecular weight of a new
protein.
b) What are global biochemical network? Explain with suitable example.
c) Explain "targeted metabolite profiling" with suitable example.
[10]
[4930]-302
2
UA Attempt any two of the following :
[10]
a) Explain the role of reverse transcriptase in PCR. Give its advantages
over other types of PCR.
b) Comment on : DNA microarray as a diagnostic tool.
c) Comment on : Hot start PCR.
VA Attempt any two of the following :
a) Justify : 'IS is an integral part of every Tn'.
b) Explain the importance of biomarkers in proteomics.
c) Give applications of PCR.
Q1) Attempt any two of the following:
a)
State the principle of epitope tagging. Give its applications.
b)
Explain Phage display system.
c)
Explain activity gel assay with example.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
[10]
a)
Explain the role of cAMP and CAP in regulation of lac operon.
b)
Explain the difference between T7 RNA polymarase synthesis and
switching of sigma factor in SPO1 infection in B. subtilis.
c)
Explain control of trap operon by atteuation.
Q3) Draw neat well labeled diagram of any two of the following:
a)
t-RNA processing.
b)
r-RNA processing.
c)
Splicing by spliceosome.
[10]
P.T.O.
Q4) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain Expressed Sequence tags with Example.
b)
Explain with suitable example the significance of non coding RNA.
c)
If E. coli mutant strain synthesizes -galactosidase, without showing
effect of presence or absence of inducer. What genetic defects might be
responsible for their phenotype.
Q5) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Justify “Insertion sequences is an integral part of Tn”.
b)
Explain Ty elements in yeast.
c)
What are the controlling elements in Tn5.
Q6) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain MALDI as a tool in Proteomics.
b)
Explain how SDS Gel electrophoresis play a vital role in proteomics.
c)
How would you deduce the structure of newly identified protein using
mass spectrometry.
Q7) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain Hot start PCR is different from normal PCR.
b)
Explain the principle of DNA microarray. Give its applications.
c)
Explain with examples molecular diagnostic tools used in detection of
cancer.
Q8) Write short notes on any two of the following:
a)
TnA.
b)
Nested PCR.
c)
Enlist applications of proteomics.
Q1) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Discuss the prokaryotic DNA replication process with the help of diagram.
b)
Explain the role of Ruv ABC in recombination.
c)
Comment on the controlling of Tn 10 transposition.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Explain the role of p53 proteins in cancer.
b)
Describe Cot ½ and Rot ½ values.
c)
Explain in brief replication features of single stranded phage.
Q3) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Elaborate the role of ORC in eukaryotes.
b)
Justify “Methylation of histones leads to inactivation”.
c)
Describe the mechanism of mismatch repair.
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P.T.O.
Q4) Write short note on any four of the following:
a)
SINES
b)
Gene imprinting
c)
Composite transposons
d)
Molecular markers of tumor
e)
Pseudogenes
[16]
Q5) a)
Vertebrate and plant cells often methylate cytosine in DNA to form 5methylcytosine. In the same cells, a specialized repair system recognizes
G-T mismatches and repairs them to G-C base pair.
Explain the mechanism of this repair system.
[8]
b)
The diploid human genome comprises 6.4 × 109 bp and fits into nucleus
that is 6 P in diameter. In this DNA, every base pair occurs at interval
of 0.34 nm along the DNA helix, what is the length of DNA?
[8]
Q1) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain filter binding assay with example.
b)
Explain yeast two hybrid assay with example.
c)
Comment on: Epitope tagging as a tool in molecular biology.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain mechanism of action of CAP in lac operon.
b)
Comment on: autoregulation of ara C.
c)
Explain control of trp operon.
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1
P.T.O.
Q3) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain the importance of mRNA processing.
b)
How are rRNA processed in eukaryotes?
c)
Comment on: Role of micro RNAs in gene silencing.
Q4) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
How to measure transcription rate?
b)
Write short note on riboswitch.
c)
Explain RNA interference (RNAi).
Q5) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
How is Tn10 transposition controlled?
b)
Explain significance of transposons.
c)
Explain structure of composite transposon.
Q6) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain protein interactions with example.
b)
Elaborate MALDI technique used in protein analysis.
c)
Write short note on metabolomics.
Q7) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain real time PCR and its applications.
b)
Elaborate Microarray technique.
c)
Which diagnostic tools are used in cancer detection? How?
Q8) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain nested PCR and its applications.
b)
Explain importance of isoelectric focusing in protein analysis.
c)
Explain Ty elements in yeast.
Q1) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a) Explain how the problem at the ends of linear DNA of Adenovirus is
solved?
b) Explain double stranded break repair model in E. coli.
c) Explain conversion of 30nm chromatin fiber into 10nm chromatin fiber.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a) What are telomerase? How they help in solving the end replication
problem in eukaryotes?
b) Explain how retroviruses transducer cellular sequences?
c) What is gene imprinting? Explain its regulation by methylation?
Q3) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a) Explain mis- match repair system in E. coli and write the name and
functions of similar proteins involved in eukaryotes.
b) Explain controlling elements in TnA family.
c) Explain base excision repair system.
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P.T.O.
Q4) Write short notes on any four of the following:
a) Gene super families
b) Apoptosis
c) c-myc
d) ORC
e) SINES
[16]
Q5) Base analogs are the compounds that resemble the natural bases found in
DNA and RNA but are not normally found in those macromolecules. Base
analogs can replace their normal counterparts in DNA during in vitro DNA
synthesis. Four base analogs were studied for their effect on in vitro DNA
synthesis using E.coli DNA polymerase.The results were as follows, with the
Amounts of DNA synthesized expressed as percentages of DNA synthesized
from normal base only.
[16]
From the following data find out:
a) Which bases are base analogs of adenine?
b) Which bases are base analogs of guanine?
c) Which bases are base analogs of thymine?
d) Which bases are base analogs of cytosine?
Normal Bases Substituted by the Analog
1) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain knock out mice technique with example.
b)
Explain yeast three hybrid assay with example.
c)
Comment on: DNA Finger printing as a tool in molecular biology.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain negative control in lac operon.
b)
Comment on: formation of repression loop in araOperon.
c)
Explain defeating of attenuation mechanism in trp operon.
Q3) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
How capping takes place for mRNA? Why it is important?
b)
Explain: siRNA and its applications.
c)
Comment on: importance of polyadenylation in mRNA processing.
[5227]-302
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P.T.O.
Q4) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain protein foot printing.
b)
Write short note on SPO1 infection in Bacillus.
c)
Comment on: Coordination of mRNA processing.
Q5) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
How is TnA transposition controlled?
b)
Explain significance of Ty elements in Yeast.
c)
Explain replicative transposons.
Q6) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain MALDI technique.
b)
Comment on: Importance of proteomics study in Molecular Biology.
c)
Write short note on Isoelectric focusing.
Q7) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Explain Hot start PCR and its applications.
b)
Elaborate Nested PCR and its applications.
c)
Write short note on RT-PCR.
Q8) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a)
Write applications of microarray techniques.
b)
Explain SDS gel electrophoresis in proteomics.
c)
Explain non replicative transposons.
Q1) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a)
What are proto-oncogenes? Explain how RB proteins play important
role in cancer?
b)
What are Ty elements in yeast? Explain their role.
c)
Explain mismatch repair system.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Explain mechanism of Tn 10 transposon.
b)
Comment on tumer supressors.
c)
Explain super-family with example.
Q3) Attempt any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Explain repetitive and non repetitive DNA.
b)
Explain the differences between V-onc and C-onc genes?
c)
Explain different DNA polymerase of eukaryotes and their individual
role in DNA replication.
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P.T.O.
Q4) Write short notes on any four:
a)
Tn5 Elements.
b)
SINES.
c)
src kinase.
d)
Pseudogenes.
e)
Ruv proteins.
[16]
Q5) a)
How long would it take to replicate a human genome of 250,000 kb if
replication is bidirectional from one origin at the centromere and the rate
is 6000 nucleotides per minute?
[8]
b)
How long would it take to replicate the same genome if replication is
having 2500 origins?
[8]
Q1) Attempt any two of the following.
a)
Explain homologous recombination.
b)
Explain prokaryotic DNA replication.
c)
Explain structure of composite transposon.
[16]
Q2) Write any two of the following.
[16]
a)
Explain role of retrotransposon in cancer.
b)
How DNA methylation plays important role in gene imprinting? Explain
with example.
c)
Explain role of Rec ABC protein take part in recombination repair?
Q3) Attempt any two of the following.
a)
Explain base excision repair system.
b)
Comment on the differences between V-onc and C-onc genes?
c)
Explain replication of circular DNA with example.
[5327]-32
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[16]
P.T.O.
Q4) Write short notes on any four
a)
Mu transposons
b)
Nucleotide excision repair
c)
C value paradox
d)
RB
e)
Gene Clusters
[16]
Q5) a)
Human DNA contains 40% C on a molar basis. What are the mole
percent’s of A. G and T?
[8]
b)
A sample from hot springs has brought to the Laboratory. A new Gram
Negative bacteria was isolated from this sample. Design a protocol for
isolation of the chromosomal DNA from the same.
[8]
Q1) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a) Explain method used for measuring transcription rates with suitable
example.
b) Explain protein foot printing as a tool in molecular biology.
c) Explain DNA helicase assay.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following:
a) Comment on role of cAMP-CAP in regulation of lac operon.
b) Explain role of riboswitches with examples.
c) Explain positive control of ara operon.
[10]
Q3) Attempt any two of the following:
a) Explain is RNA and its applications.
b) Explain auto splicing of group I introns.
c) Explain transesterification reaction in mRNA splicing.
[10]
Q4) Draw neat well labelled diagrams of any two of the following:
a) DMS foot printing.
b) Auto regulation of ara C.
c) tRNA splicing in eukaryotes.
[10]
P.T.O.
Q5) Attempt any two of the following:
a) Justify the retrovirus life cycle involves transposition like events.
b) Comment on Controlling of Tn 10 transposition.
c) Differentiate between LINES and SINES.
[10]
[10]
Q6) Attempt any two of the following:
a) What is MALDI? How is it used in proteomics.
b) Comment on 2D electrophoresis as a tool in characterization of protein.
c) Write a note on metabolomics.
Q7) Attempt any two of the following:
[10]
a) Explain the principle of rested PCR.
b) Give applications of DNA micro array technique with suitable examples.
c) Write applications of PCR with examples.
Q8) Attempt any two of the following:
a) What alterations are made in DNA by transposons.
b) Explain the factors affecting the expression of proteins.
c) State the significance of use of reverse transcriptase in PCR.
a)
How circular DNA replicates? Explain with example.
b)
Explain connection between cell cycle and DNA replication in E. coli.
c)
List the proteins involved in recombination and explain role of each
protein.
Q2) Attempt any two of the following.
[16]
a)
Explain mechanism of controlling elements in Tn10.
b)
Explain gene conversion with example.
c)
Explain transcription coupled repair system.
Q3) Attempt any two of the following.
[16]
a)
Explain higher order organization of DNA in eukaryotes.
b)
Explain double stranded break repair model.
c)
Explain role of DNA methylation in cancer with example.
Q4) Write short notes on any four.
a) C-value paradox
b) p 53
c) Histone Acetylation
d) SOS operon
e) ARS
[5434]-32
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1
P.T.O.
Q5) a)
You have a culture of normal cells and a culture of cells dividing
uncontrollably (isolated from a tumor). Experimentaly, how might you
determine wheather uncontrolled growth was the result of an oncogne or
a mutated pair of tumor suppressor alleles?
[8]
b)
A Diploid organism has 5.5 x 108 base pairs in its DNA. This DNA is
replicated in 3 minutes. Assuming all replication forks move at a rate of
104 base pairs per minute How many replicons (replication units) are
present in this organisms genome?
[8]
Q1) Answer any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Describe the components of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme in E. coli.
b)
Draw structure of nucleosome. Comment on methylation of histones
and its effect on function of the chromosome.
c)
Justify, “Composite transposons have IS modules”.
Q2) Answer any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Justify, “Priming is required to start DNA synthesis”.
b)
Explain the base excision repair mechanism of damaged DNA.
c)
Differentiate between genome organization in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Q3) Answer any two of the following:
[16]
a)
Justify, “Centromeres and telomeres are essential parts of the eukaryotic
chromosome”.
b)
Comment on - Transposition of Tn10 has multiple controls.
c)
Describe replication features of single stranded phage.
P.T.O.
Q4) Write short notes on any four of the following:
a)
Metastasis in cancer.
b)
Types of DNA damage.
c)
Non-repetitive DNA sequences.
d)
Gene imprinting.
e)
Gene clusters.
[16]
Q5) a)
A mammalian cell line has 1.2 m of duplex DNA per cell. The S phase in
these cells is 10 hours long. If the rate of DNA strand growth in these
cells is 20 m/min. How many replication forks are operating during
chromosome replication?
[8]
b)
Haploid yeast cells that preferentially repair double stranded breaks by
homologous recombination are especially sensitive to agents that cause
double stranded breaks in DNA. If the break occurs in G1 phase of the
cell cycle, most yeast cells die. However, if the break occurs in G2
phase, a much higher fraction of cells survive. Explain these observations.
[4]
c)
A double stranded DNA molecule having B form has 100,000 base pairs.
[4]
i)
How long is the DNA molecule?
ii)
How many complete turns are there in the molecule?
Q1) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
Explain-Epitope tagging as a tool in molecular biology.
b)
Give applications of phage display technique with examples.
c)
What is RFLP? Give its significance in diagrosis
Q2) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
Explain the mechanism of repression of lac operon.
b)
Explain regulation of ‘ara’ operon.
c)
How is attenuation detteated in tr’p operon?
Q3) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
How is m RNA protected in eukaryotes after its synthesis?
b)
Diagrammatically illustrate t RNA splicing.
c)
Explain the role of RNA interference in gene silencing.
Q4) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
Explain filtter binding assay.
b)
Explain sigma factor switching in T7 infection.
c)
Explain design of probes and give applications of probes.
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P.T.O.
Q5) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
Diagrammatically illustrate mu transposition.
b)
Elaborate Ty elements in yeast.
c)
Give structural details of retrotransposon.
Q6) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
Explain metabolomics with suitable examples.
b)
Explain any one method used in analysis of protein structure.
c)
Explain iso electric focussing and give its importance in characterization
of proteins.
Q7) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
Give applications of PCR with suitable example.
b)
Explain real time PCR technique.
c)
Explian nested PCR technique.
Q8) Attempt any two of the following.
[10]
a)
Give structural details of composite transposon.
b)
Explain MALDI.
c)
What is DNA micro array technique? Give its applications.
Q1) Solve any five of the following
[10]
a) Name any two techniques used for protein characterization.
b) Mention any two applications of transgenic animals.
c) Give two examples of amino acids with non-polar, aliphatic ‘R’ groups.
d) Give two examples of eukaryotic expression vectors.
e) What is gene-aging? Give one example.
f) What is SNP? Give one example.
Q2) Attempt the following:
a) “ Telomere length can be an indicate of an individual’s biological age”
justify.
[7]
b) What is longevity? Mention the biological factors effecting tongevity.[5]
Q3) Attempt the following.
a) The first five nucleotide pairs of a particular gene are present in following
sequence,
ATG CA
TAC GT
b)
↑
How many distinct homo alleles of the above gene are there that differ
from the above sequence by a single nucleotide substitution occuring at
position 5 (nucleotide pair No. 5 as indicated by arrow.)
[7]
“ Humans can be an example of alternative gene expression” explain.[5]
[5913]-32
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P.T.O.
Q4) Attempt the following:
a)
What is the relation between genetic trade off and evolution?
[7]
b)
“ Small non-coding RNA regulate the epigenetics” explain.
[5]
Q5) Attempt the following.
a)
Sometimes the strategy for the expression of a target protein in a host
organism involves synthesizing the protein as a part of fusion protein.
What are the advantages of this approach?
[7]
b)
Give two examples of each.
i)
Amino acids with positively charged R group.
ii)
Amno acids with negatively charged R group.
[5]
Q6) Attempt the following.
a)
b)
Which of the following pairs of DNA sequences could qualify as the
terminal repeats. of a bacterial IS element? Explain why.
i)
5'–GAATCCGCA'–3' and 5'–ACGCCTAAG'–3'
ii)
5'–GAATCCGCA–3' and 5'–CTTAGGCGT–3'
iii)
5'–GAATCCGCA–3' and 5'–TGCGGATTC–3'
[7]
What are the differences between replicative and non-replicative transposition?
[5]
Q7) Write short notes on any two of the following.
a)
Composite transposons.
b)
Advantages and disadvantages of geritically modified organisms.
c)
What is gene-argumentation? Add a note on its significance.
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